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LOGIC PUZZLE SYLLOGISM

The puzzles created on this page are in tribute to the grandfather of logic : Charles Lutwidge Dodgson,

who you might know better as Lewis Carroll !! (Author of the children's classic :Alice in Wonderland).

You can read more about Lewis Carroll here: (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Carroll)


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Syllogism: The art of deductive reasoning

Syllogism: The art of Deductive Reasoning

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One of the main principles of logic is Deductive Reasoning (reasoning from the general to the particular). It involves using given true premises to reach a conclusion that is also true. If the rules of deduction are followed, this ensures we reach an accurate conclusion. An Example:

  • All people named Sally sell sea shells at the sea shore. (general)
  • My Friend's name is Sally. (particular)
  • Therefore, Sally sells shells at the sea shore. (a conclusion from deducing the premises of the first 2 statements)

Or, as another example consider:
  • All men are mortal. (general),
  • I am a man. (particular),
  • Therefore, I am mortal. (deduction).
Both examples use deduction , and these types of problems are syllogisms (again where one takes two separate conditional statements, and deduces a logical conclusion by combining the hypothesis of one statement with the conclusion of another). So to help with the puzzles we generalize this principle of deduction as follows:
  1. If P --> Q.
  2. And Q--> R,
  3. Then P-->R.


Poly-Syllogism : a sequence of Syllogisms

Poly-Syllogism : a sequence of Syllogisms

read more . . . . (show/hide)

A string of any number of propositions forming together a sequence of syllogisms such that the conclusion of each syllogism,
together with the next proposition, is a premise for the next, and so on.

An Example:

  • It is raining.---- (proposition 1)

  • If we go out while it is raining we will get wet. ----

    (premise: [If we go out] + proposition 1:[rain] + proposition 2:[wet])

  • If we get wet, we will get cold. ---- (proposition 2(wet) + proposition 3(cold))


  • Therefore, If we go out we will get cold.---- (CONCLUSION: premise + proposition3)

A sorites is a specific kind of polysyllogism in which the predicate of each proposition is the subject of the next premise.
In other words, a sorites is a heap of propositions chained together.

Example:
  • All lions are big cats. ---- (proposition#1)+(proposition#2)
  • All big cats are predators. ---- (proposition#2)+(proposition#3)
  • All predators are carnivores. ---- (proposition#4)+(proposition#5)
  • Therefore, all lions are carnivores.---- CONCLUSION:(proposition#1)+(proposition#5)

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FREE INTERACTIVE SYLLOGISMS AND POLYSYLLOGISMS

FREE INTERACTIVE SYLLOGISMS AND POLY-SYLLOGISMS:
PLAY HERE NOW!

Below is the new interactive section.

To activate this section of puzzles simply click on one of the interactive colored headers

(i.e. "INTERACTIVE Syllogisms: [ 1- 20]");

This will open the numbered syllogisms for that selected header.

To reveal the answers to the individual syllogisms :simply click the highlighted text below each question.

(Note: double-click will close the answer box).


Syllyogism Triggers[1-20]
INTERACTIVE Syllogisms: [ 1- 20]

1. Charlie is a hustler.
All hustlers are greedy.

Charlies is

GREEDY

2. No cats are immortal.
Polly is a cat.

Polly is

MORTAL

3.All Planets revolve around the Sun.
Earth is a planet.

Earth must?

revolve

4. All Dogs are cats.
Rover is a Dog.

Therefore Rover is also a?

CAT!

5. All green aliens drink green tea.
All Robots are green aliens.

All Robots must?

DRINK GREEN TEA!

6. All spotted leopards have poor eyesight.
All the leopards at the zoo are spotted.

All leopards at the zoo must

HAVE POOR EYESIGHT

7. All poodles are small..
Some poodles are white.

Some white poodles

ARE SMALL!

8. No babies can talk intelligently.
No speakers are babies.

All speakers can

TALK INTELLIGENTLY!

9.All verbs are adjectives.
Some nouns are adjectives.
Some nouns must be verbs.

True or False?

True!

10. All snails crawl.
Some amphibians are snails.

Some amphibians

CRAWL!

11. No scholars are Greeks.
All mortals are scholars.

No mortals are Greek

True!

12. Some polynomials are squares.
All Squares are equilaterals.
All red ghosts are scary.

Are all equilaterals necessarily polynomials?

No!

13. All musicians play the bagpipes well.
Ian Doesn't play the bagpipes.
Ian is a musician.

True or False?

False!

14. All good things must pass.
Some Children are good.
Some Children have passed.

True or False?

True!

15. All sisters are nuns.
Some geese are sisters.
All geese must be nuns.

True or False?

False!

16. Some trains have whistles.
Some whistles are blue.
Some trains are blue.

True or False?

TRUE!

17. Some thinking men are smart.
Some people are men.

Some people are?

SMART!

18. No iron metals are heavy
All cups are made of iron.

? All cups are?

NOT HEAVY!

19. All iron metals are heavy.
Some cups are made of iron.

Some cups must be

HEAVY!

20. Socrates is Greek.
All Greeks are mortal.

Socrates is

MORTAL!

Syllyogism Triggers[21-40]
INTERACTIVE Syllogisms: [ 21- 40]

21. Some corners have no edges.
No pillows have corners
Some pillows may have edges.

True or False?

True

22. Some swords are sharp.
All epees are swords.

Some epees are?

Sharp

23. Sometimes people get angry.
Monsters are always angry

Sometimes people are

Monsters

24. All Girls are always possessive.
My sister is a girl.
Is my sister always possessive?

(Yes or No ?)

Yes!

25. All fish have green eyes.
Some reptiles are fish.
All reptiles have green eyes.

True or False?

False

26. Some people are only two feet tall.
Jim is a person.
Jim must be two feet tall.

True or False?

False

27.Sally only sells sea shells door-to-door.
No pollydoodles are sea shells.
Does Sally ever sell pollydoodles door-to-door?

(Yes or No ?)

No!

28.Sally only sells sea shells door-to-door or on the internet.
Some pollydoodles are sea shells.
Can some pollydoodles be sold at the sea shore?

(Yes or No ?)

Yes!

29. Sally never sells sea shells at the seashore.
All pollywaggless are sea shells
Can pollywaggles be sold at the seashore?

(Yes or No ?)

No!

30.All Flowers Wilt.
Daisies are flowers.

Therefore Daisies will?

Wilt!

31. Some burglars steal stereo’s.
All stereo's are heavy.
Therefore only stolen stereo's are heavy?

True or False?

False

32.All heavy stereo's are never stolen.
My Stereo is heavy.

My Stereo cannot be?

Stolen

33.Only fast cars are painted Red.
Polly's car is not painted red.

Polly's car is

Not Fast

34.Some Gingerbread men are tasty.
Some snacks are Gingerbread men.
All snacks are tasty.

(Yes or No ?)

No!

35. Some Gingerbread men are tasty.
All snacks are Gingerbread men.
All snacks are tasty.

True or False?

True

36.Some Germans are named Pete.
Some Pete's snack on Gingerbread men.
All Germans snack on Gingerbread men.

True or False?

False

37.Only Germans named Pete eat Pretzels.
Some Petes are not from Germany.

Some Petes eat ?

Pretzels!

38.All sand in the desert is hot.
The Gobi is a desert.

All sand in the Gobi is

Hot!

39. All mortals are men.
Some men die.
All mortals are dead

(True or False?)

False!

40. If all car accidents are fatal,
and some dogs have car accidents.
Some dogs are?

Some dogs must be?

Dead!

Syllyogism Triggers[41-60]
INTERACTIVE Syllogisms: [ 41- 60]

41. Some monkeys are green.
No monkeys can fly.
Green monkeys can fly.

True or False?

False

42. All sheets are made of silk.
Some sheets are white.
All white sheets are made of silk.

True or False?

True

43. Some tamed horses are saddled.
All saddles are made of leather
All tamed horses have leather saddles.

True or False?

False

44. All Fans have rotating blades.
Some Fans have broken blades.
All fans are broken.

True or False?

False

45. All purple houses have green chimneys.
Some chimneys are made of straw.
Some purple houses have straw chimneys.

True or False?

True

46. Some pillows are made of feather.
Some feathers are soft.
Some pillows are soft.

True or False?

True

47.Some bridges are made of stone.
All stone bridges are strong.
All bridges must be strong

(Yes or No ?)

No!

48. All grey cats have red spots.
All red cats have grey spots.
All spotted cats are red and grey.

(Yes or No ?)

No!

49. All babies sometimes cry.
Some babies always cry.
My baby doesnt always cry.

True or False?

True!

50.All cars with red wheels are model Fords.
Some Fords have green wheels.
All Fords must have red or green wheels.

True or False?

False!

51. Some paintings are displayed in a museum.
Some museums have no displays.
Some paintings are not displayed.

True or False?

True!

52. All scary ghosts are goblins.
Some goblins are red.
All red ghosts are scary.

True or False?

False!

53. All scary ghosts are goblins.
Some goblins are red.
All red goblins are scary.

True or False?

False!

54. Some ghosts are goblins.
Some goblins are red.
Some ghosts are red.

True or False?

True!

55. Some express trains always arrive early.
I only travel on the express train.
I am always arriving late.

True or False?

False!

56. All express trains sometimes arrive early.
My train is always late.
I always take an express train.

True or False?

False!

57. All little boys like toy airplanes.
Tommy is a little boy.
Tommy likes airplanes.

Yes or no?

Yes!

58. Some little boys like model trains.
All little boys have green eyes.
Some little boys with green eyes like model trains.

Yes or no?

Yes!

59. All green fruits are sweet.
Some sweet fruits taste good.
All green fruits taste good.

(True or False?)

False!

60. Some green fruits are sweet.
All sweet fruits taste good.
Some green fruits taste good.

(True or False?)

True!

Syllyogism Triggers[61-80]
Syllyogism Triggers[61-80]

61. All wasps are aggressive.
No puppies are aggressive.

Puppies are NOT?

WASPS

62. No muffins are tasty.
All buns are bitter.

Buns are NOT ?

MUFFINS

63. Some unauthorised reports are false.
All authorised reports are trustworthy

Some false reports are NOT?

TRUSTWORTHY

64. No idlers gain fame.
Some painters are not idle.

Some painters GAIN?

FAME

65. No rich persons are honest.
Some women are rich.

Some rich women are?

DISHONEST

66. A wise man shuns hungry lions.
No banker is not wise.

No banker fails to SHUN?

HUNGRY LIONS

67. Poorly-managed business is unprofitable.
Research companys are never poorly-managed.

All Research companys ARE?

PROFITABLE!

68. All young goats laugh.
No young animals are healthy, unless they laugh.

All young goats are

HEALTHY!

69. No birds, except peacocks, are proud of their tails.
Some birds, that are proud of their tails, cannot sing.

Some peacocks cannot?

SING!

70. No frogs are poets.
Some ducks are unpoetic.

Some ducks are NOT?

FROGS!

71. No teachers are dentists.
All dentists are dreaded by children.

No teachers are?

DREADED BY CHILDREN!

72. Kathy is sweet.
Bill is not sweet.

Bill is not?

KATHY!

73. Every eagle can fly.
Some horses cannot fly.

Some horses are NOT?

EAGLES!

74. All geeese are despised.
Some dragons are well-liked.

No geese are?

DRAGONS!

75. All jokes are meant to amuse.
No Act of Congress is a joke.

Congress is not?

AMUSING!

76. Some healthy people are fat.
No unhealthy people are strong.

Some fat people are NOT?

STRONG!

77. I saw it on the web.
All websites tell lies.

It was a?

LIE!

78. No misers are generous.
Some old men are ungenerous.

Some old men are?

MISERS!

79. All, who are anxious to learn, work hard.
Some of these boys work hard.

Some of these boys are?

ANXIOUS TO LEARN!

80. All lions are fierce.
Some lions do not drink coffee.

Some creatures that drink coffee are not

Fierce!

Poly-Syllogism Triggers[11-25]
INTERACTIVE Poly-Syllogisms: [ 11- 25]-(show/hide)

11. All evil thoughts are counterproductive.
To be productive is to keep one's mind busy.
To be busy is to stay right out of the Devil's backyard.

Therefore, to be not busy is

counterproductive

12. It is snowing.
If we go out while it is snowing we will get red noses.
If we get red noses, we will get sick.
If we get sick, we will take medicine.

Therefore, if we go out

We get Sick

13. All leopards are spotted cats.
All spotted cats are felines.
All felines purr.

Therefore all leopards

are felines

14. The sun is shining.
If Sally goes out now she will get sunburned.
If she gets sunburned, she will need aloe.

Therefore, if Sally doesn't go out now

She won't get sunburned!

15. There is a fog on a lake.
If we go boating we will get lost.
If we get lost, we will be missed.
If we are missed, we will be sad.

Therefore, if we don't go boating

We will be happy!

16. No chefs are not good cooks.
Johnny always burns his food.
No good chef is always burning his dinner.

Johnny is

Not a chef

17. All despots never allow freedom.
Democracies are always free societies.
No despots ever rule democratically

Therefore Democracies?

are not despotic!

18. No criminals are honest people.
No honest people ever lie.
Dishonest people always lie

Therefore criminals

always lie.

19. All criminals are never honest.
Good people are always truthful.
All criminals are liars.

Therefore, good people

are not liars

20. Fact is sometimes stranger than fiction.
Fiction is always about made up events.
Made up events are tall stories.
Tall stories are very entertaining.

Therefore, Fiction is

very entertaining.

21. All Bakers are chefs.
No chefs are never poor bakers.
Jenkins is a baker.

Therefore Jenkins is

a chef.

22.All ducks are swans.
No swans are good swimmers.
Mark is a deep sea diver.
All deep sea divers are good swimmers.

Therefore, No swans are

are deep sea divers!

23. No adventure ever begins without a first step.
A first step leads to a great journey.
Life is a series of great journeys.

Therefore, life must be

an adventure!

24.No acrobatic person is not athletic.
No athletes are couch potatoes.
Jerry always at home watching tv.

Therefore Jerry is?

no acrobat!

25.All athletes do some physical work.
No exercise program is always easy.
Paddy never likes to do anything difficult.

Therefore, Paddy is

no athlete.

Poly-Syllogism Triggers[26-40]
INTERACTIVE Poly-Syllogisms: [ 26- 40]-(show/hide)

26] All monkeys are small primates.
All small primates are vegatarians.
All vegatarians live in trees,

Therefore , all monkeys .

live in trees

27] My sister is married
All married people are Strange.
All Strange people eat bananas.
If you eat bananas you are healthy.

Therefore, no married people are

not healthy

28] The sun is shining.
If we go out while the sun is shining , we will get burned .
If we get burned, we will not be happy.
If we are not happy, we will not smile

Therefore if we go out,

we will not smile

29] Tomorrow is monday.
If we work on monday, we get the weekends off.
If we get the weekends off, we will be happy.
If we are happy, we will smile

Therefore, if we work on monday

we will be happy!

30] All digital cameras are battery-powered devices.
No battery-powered devices are self-sufficient appliances.
All self-sufficient appliances are not sometimes inefficient.
Inefficient devices are sometimes wasteful.

Therefore All battery-powered devices are

sometimes wasteful!

31] No artists are robbers.
All robbers are thieves.
All thieves are crooks.
No crooks are ever good painters or musicians.

Therefore no good robbers are

artists

32] Riddles often puzzle me.
No riddles interest me if they can be solved.
Nothing solveable ever puzzles me.

Therefore no solvable riddles

ever puzzle me!

33] No goods in this shop, that have been bought and paid for, are still on sale;
None of the goods may be carried away, unless labeled "sold";
None of the goods are labeled "sold," unless they have been bought and paid for.

All of the goods not carried away are

not sold.

34] Promise-breakers are untrustworthy.
Wine-drinkers are very communicative.
A man who keeps his promises is honest.
No teetotalers are untrustworthy;

Therefore, One can always trust a

honest wine-drinker

35] No kitten, that loves fish, is unusual.
No kitten without a tail will play with a gorilla.
Kittens with whiskers always love fish.
No unusual kitten has green eyes.
No kittens have tails unless they have whiskers.

Therefore, a kitten without a tail

has no whiskers.

36] None of the pictures here, except the oils, are valuable.
None of the unframed ones are finished.
All the oils are painted in vivid tones.
All those that have been sold are valuable.
All the framed ones are finished.

Therefore, All those in frames have been

sold.

37] Animals, that do not kick, are always boring.
Donkeys have no horns.
A bull can always stand still in a barn.
No animals that kick are easy to swallow.
No hornless animal can stand still in a barn.

All animals are excitable, except a

bull!

38]No one, who is going to a party, ever fails to fix his hair.
No one looks neat, if he is untidy.
lazy people have no self-control.
Every one, who has brushed his hair, looks neat;
No one wears white kid gloves, unless he is going to a party.

Therefore, A man is always untidy, if he has no

self-control!

39]All ducks in this village, that are named 'Betty,' belong to Mrs. Bond; .
Ducks in this village never wear lace collars, unless they are named 'Betty'; .
Mrs. Bond has no gray ducks in this village.

Therefore all gray ducks in the village are not named

BETTY !

40] Nobody, who really appreciates Beethoven, fails to keep silent while the Moonlight-Sonata is being played; .
Guinea-pigs are hopelessly unaware of music.
No one, who is hopelessly unaware of music, ever keeps silent while the Moonlight-Sonata is being played.

Guinea-pigs cannot appreciate

Beethoven.









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WE ARE PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE OUR FIRST E-BOOK , A COMPILATION OF 'OUR BEST LOGIC PUZZLES' JAM-PACKED WITH OVER 80 LOGIC PUZZLES FROM OUR WEB-PAGES. 

OUR BEST LOGIC PUZZLES (COMPILATION)

 PICK UP THE E-BOOK VERSION HERE FOR ONLY $4.99.

OR YOU CAN OBTAIN THE PAPER-BACK  COPY :   HERE FOR $8.99 OR AT AMAZON.COM






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